Lymantriinae

Lymantriinae Lymantria dispar ♂ Klassifikation

Reger	Animalia
Afdeling	Arthropoda
Klasse	Insecta
Bestille	Lepidoptera
Fantastisk familie	Noctuoidea
Familie	Erebidae

Underfamilie

Lymantriinae
Hampson , 1893

Synonymer

• Lymantriidae Hampson, 1893
• Orgyiidae Wallengren , 1861
• Dasychiridae Packard, 1864

De lymantriinae er en underfamilie af Lepidoptera (sommerfugle), der tilhører familien af Erebidae . De er længe blevet betragtet som en familie kaldet Lymantriidae.

Mangfoldighed og distribution

Lymantriinae-underfamilien omfatter ca. 350 slægter og over 2.700 kendte arter . De findes på alle kontinenter undtagen Antarktis , hovedsageligt i tropisk Afrika. De er især udbredte i Afrika syd for Sahara, men findes også i Indien , Sydøstasien og Sydamerika . Kun på Madagaskar har der været 258 arter. De er dog fraværende fra New Zealand , Vestindien , Hawaii og Ny Kaledonien .

Økologi og adfærd

I denne underfamilie fodrer voksne sommerfugle ikke .

Systematisk

Den nuværende underfamilie Lymantriinae falder sammen med den gamle Lymantriidae- familie , et navn oprettet i 1893 af den britiske entomolog George Francis Hampson .

I 2000'erne førte fylogenistudier til en større ændring i klassificeringen af Noctuoidea  : det var da, at Lymantriidae blev nedrykket til underfamilien (først inden for familien Noctuidae , derefter des Erebidae ) og tog navnet Lymantriinae. De underfamilier, der tidligere var underordnet Lymantriidae, er samtidig blevet degraderet til stammernes rang inden for de nye Lymantriinae. For eksempel blev en af ​​disse gamle underfamilier, der kaldte sig Lymantriinae, Lymantriini- stammen .

Liste over stammer

Lymantriinae-underfamilien er i øjeblikket opdelt i syv stammer , hvoraf to først blev oprettet i 2015 som et resultat af en molekylær fylogenetisk undersøgelse  :

• Arctornithini Holloway, 1999
• Daplasini Wang et al. , 2015
• Leucomini Grote, 1895
• Locharnini Wang et al. , 2015
• Lymantriini Hampson, 1893
• Nygmiini Holloway, 1999
• Orgyiini Wallengren , 1861

Liste over genrer

Genrer i alfabetisk rækkefølge

• Abakabaka Griveaud , 1976
• Abynotha Swinhoe, 1903
• Aclonophlebia Butler, 1898
• Acyphas Walker, 1855
• Adetoneura Collenette, 1933
• Adlullia Walker, 1865
• Albaracina Pagenstecker, 1909
• Albarracina Staudinger, 1883
• Alina Griveaud, 1976
• Allotoma Roepke, 1944
• Amphekes Collenette, 1936
• Anaxila Walker, 1855
• Anchyneura Felder, 1861
• Anepa Swinhoe, 1903
• Anexotamos Hering, 1926
• Ankova Griveaud , 1976
• Anthelymantria Strand, 1925
• Anthora Walker, 1855
• Antipha Walker, 1855
• Antiphelea Lucas, 1900
• Antiphella Walker, 1856
• Aphomoeoma Collenette, 1959
• Arctornis Germar, 1810
• Arestha Walker, 1855
• Argila Walker, 1855
• Argyrostagma Aurivillius, 1904
• Arna Walker, 1855
• Aroa Walker, 1855
• Artaxa Walker, 1855
• Aruta Swinhoe, 1922
• Arva Grünberg, 1913
• Athrala Kirby, 1892
• Athrula Walker, 1862
• Axana Swinhoe, 1922
• Axiologa Turner, 1904
• Axuenna Walker, 1865
• Bareconia Swinhoe, 1923
• Barlowia Talbot, 1929
• Barobata Karsch , 1895
• Baryaza Moore, 1879
• Batella Dall'Asta, 1981
• Bathmochtha Karsch , 1895
• Bazisa Walker, 1865
• Baziza Hampson, 1893
• Beeria Hartig, 1963
• Bembina Walker, 1865
• Bicelluphora Janse, 1915
• Bifurca Joannis, 1929
• Birnara Butler, 1879
• Blazia Schaus, 1927
• Boreconia Walker, 1865
• Bracharoa Hampson, 1905
• Bradytera Toxopeus, 1948
• Cadorela Griveaud , 1973
• Cadrusia Moore, 1879
• Cadurca Swinhoe, 1906
• Caelicola Dognin, 1923
• Caenina Felder, 1861
• Calliteara Butler, 1881
• Caltura Moore, 1879
• Caragola Moore, 1879
• Caragolina Strand, 1928
• Carpenterella Collenette, 1933
• Carriola Swinhoe, 1922
• Casama Walker, 1865
• Caviria Walker, 1855
• Ceylonica Gupta, Farooqi & Chaudhary, 1986
• Chaerotriche Butler, 1881
• Charnida Walker, 1855
• Charnidas Walker, 1855
• Chionophasma Butler, 1886
• Choerotricha Felder, 1874
• Chrysocyma Hampson, 1905
• Cifuna Walker, 1855
• Cimola Walker, 1855
• Cispia Walker, 1855
• Cispidia Kozhanchikov, 1950
• Cladophora Geyer, 1832
• Collenettema Griveaud , 1977
• Conigephyra Collenette, 1934
• Coniortodes Collenette, 1955
• Coryphyala Herrich-Schäffer, 1855
• Cozola Walker, 1865
• Creaga Janse, 1917
• Creagra Wallengren , 1865
• Crinola Leech, 1890
• Cropera Walker, 1855
• Croperoides Berio, 1940
• Crorema Walker, 1855
• Croremopsis Hering, 1926
• Daniela Hartig, 1963
• Daplasa Moore, 1879
• Dasorgyia Staudinger, 1881
• Dasycampa Janse, 1915
• Dasychira Hübner, 1806
• Dasychira Hübner, 1809
• Dasychirana Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Dasychirina Swinhoe, 1923
• Dasychiroides Bethune-Baker, 1904
• Dasychoproctis Hering, 1926
• Dasylaelia Aurivillius, 1925
• Decelleria Dall'Asta, 1981
• Dediama Walker, 1855
• Dendrophleps Hampson, 1893
• Desmoloma Felder, 1874
• Dicallomera Butler, 1881
• Dicranuropsis Felder, 1874
• Dokuga Matsumura, 1927
• Dura Moore, 1879
• Dyasma Collenette, 1961
• Eala Collenette, 1937
• Ela Walker, 1862
• Elkneria Börner, 1932
• Eloria Walker, 1855
• Eopirga Hering, 1926
• Epeuproctis Matsumura, 1933
• Erika Griveaud, 1976
• Etobema Walker, 1865
• Etobena Dallas, 1865
• Eudasychira Möschler , 1887
• Euphrostis Lucas, 1890
• Euproctidion Holland, 1893
• Euproctis Hübner, 1819
• Euproctoides Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Euprotillina Hering, 1926
• Euzora Turner, 1915
• Fanala Griveaud , 1976
• Gallienica Griveaud, 1976
• Gissarus Nye, 1980
• Gogana Walker, 1866
• Gogane Butler, 1878
• Grammoa Aurivillius, 1904
• Griveaudyria Viette, 1984
• Gynaephora Hübner, 1819
• Habrophylla Turner, 1921
• Halseyella nye , 1980
• Hampsona Gupta, Farooqi & Chaudhary, 1986
• Harapa Moore, 1879
• Hemerophanes Collenette, 1953
• Heptaptosis Talbot, 1929
• Heteronygmia Holland, 1893
• Himala Moore, 1879
• Hipogymna Hübner, 1806
• Homalomeria Strand, 1910
• Homaroa Collenette, 1955
• Homochira Hampson, 1905
• Homoeomeria Wallengren , 1865
• Hondella Moore, 1883
• Hyaloperina Aurivillius, 1904
• Hypogyma Hemming, 1937
• Hypogymnia Hübner, 1825
• Hysibada Walker, 1865
• Icta Walker, 1855
• Idalia Hübner, 1819
• Ijacossus Bekker-Migdisova, 1951
• Ilema Moore, 1860
• Imaida Toxopeus, 1948
• Imaus Moore, 1879
• Iropoca Turner, 1904
• Isoctenia Felder, 1874
• Ivela Swinhoe, 1903
• Jabaina Griveaud , 1976
• Jacksoniana Nye, 1980
• Jsoctenia Felder, 1875
• Kettelia Butler, 1879
• Kintana Griveaud , 1976
• Konokarcha Gaede, 1932
• Konokarecha Bryk , 1934
• Kunusara Nye, 1980
• Labordea Griveaud , 1976
• Lachana Moore, 1888
• Lacida Walker, 1855
• Lacipa Walker, 1855
• Laelaroa Hering, 1926
• Laelia Stephens, 1828
• Laelioides Moore, 1883
• Laeliolina Hering, 1926
• Laeliophila Hering, 1932
• Laelioproctis Hering, 1926
• Lanitra Griveaud , 1976
• Lemuriana Griveaud, 1976
• Lepidolacipa Hering, 1926
• Lepidopalpus Janse, 1915
• Leptaroa Hampson, 1910
• Leptepilepta Collenette, 1929
• Leptocneria Butler, 1886
• Leucoma Hübner, 1822
• Leucoperina Aurivillius, 1909
• Liparodonta Hering, 1927
• Liparus Harris, 1841
• Lobera Spitz, 1930
• Locharna Moore, 1879
• Lomadonta Holland, 1893
• Lopera Walker, 1855
• Lymantria Hübner, 1819
• Lymantriades Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Macaronesia Bacallado, Bustillo & Vives, 1981
• Macrolaelia Aurivillius, 1925
• Madema Griveaud , 1977
• Mahoba Moore, 1879
• Maimaia Matsumura, 1933
• Malakitis Hampson, 1895
• Mantruda Schaus, 1906
• Marbla Swinhoe, 1903
• Marblepsis Hering, 1926
• Marbloides Hering, 1926
• Mardara Walker, 1865
• Masoandro Griveaud, 1976
• Medama Matsumura, 1931
• Medama Matsumura, 1933
• Melgona Nye, 1980
• Melia Walker, 1855
• Meteuproctis Matsumura, 1927
• Miccotrogia Toxopeus, 1948
• Micraroa Hampson, 1905
• Microgymna Wallengren , 1865
• Micromorph Felder, 1874
• Micronygmia Toxopeus, 1948
• Microrgyia Felder, 1874
• Mpanjaka Griveaud , 1976
• Mylantria Aurivillius, 1904
• Naroma Walker, 1856
• Neocifuna Inoué, 1982
• Neoliparina Schultze, 1934
• Neomardara Hering, 1926
• Neorgyia Bethune-Baker, 1908
• Nioda Walker, 1855
• Noleca Walker, 1855
• Noliproctis Hering, 1926
• Nolosia Hampson, 1900
• Notohyba Holland, 1893
• Notopriota Swinhoe, 1903
• Nudariphleps Holloway, 2001
• Numenes Walker, 1855
• Numenoides Butler, 1879
• Nygmia Hübner, 1820
• Ocneria Hübner, 1819
• Ocnerogyia Staudinger, 1892
• Ocneropsis Kozhanchikov, 1950
• Ocybola Turner, 1912
• Odagra Walker, 1865
• Oecura Holland, 1893
• Oeneria Ramann, 1875
• Ogoa Walker, 1856
• Olapa Walker, 1855
• Olene Hübner, 1823
• Olenoptera Herrich-Schäffer, 1855
• Oligeria Turner, 1921
• Opoboa Tessmann, 1921
• Orana Griveaud, 1976
• Oregyia Billberg, 1820
• Oregyia Meigen, 1830
• Oreinobia Wallengren , 1865
• Orgyia Ochsenheimer, 1810
• Orgyja Hübner, 1819
• Orithrepta Collenette, 1939
• Ornithopsyche Wallengren, 1863
• Orvasca Walker, 1865
• Othroeda Hering, 1926
• Otroeda Walker, 1854
• Panorgyia Griveaud , 1976
• Pantana Walker, 1855
• Papuaroa Collenette, 1955
• Paqueta Dall'Asta, 1981
• Parabatella Dall'Asta, 1981
• Parakanchia Bethune-Baker, 1908
• Paramarbla Collenette, 1937
• Parapellucens Holloway, 1999
• Parapirga Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Paraporthesia Gupta Farooqi & Chaudhary, 1986
• Paraproctis Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Paraxena Bethune-Baker, 1911
• Parocneria Dyar, 1897
• Parorgyia Packard, 1864
• Parvaroa Holloway, 1999
• Pellucens Bethune-Baker, 1910
• Pelorosis Collenette, 1955
• Penara Bryk , 1931
• Pendria Swinhoe, 1906
• Penora Walker, 1855
• Penthophera Germar, 1812
• Penthophora Walker, 1855
• Pentophera Neave, 1940
• Pentophora Heylaerts, 1884
• Perina Walker, 1855
• Perinetia Collenette, 1936
• Phecada Walker, 1856
• Phreata Walker, 1865
• Pida Walker, 1865
• Pigetera Swinhoe, 1923
• Pirga Aurivillius, 1891
• Pirgalasea Swinhoe, 1923
• Pirgula Tessmann, 1921
• Pirgulina Hering, 1926
• Poneopirga Berio, 1937
• Porthesaroa Hering, 1926
• Porthmeia Bethune-Baker, 1908
• Procodeca Walker, 1855
• Pronygmia Toxopeus, 1948
• Prorodeca Walker, 1855
• Psalis Hübner, 1823
• Pseudobazisa Bryk, 1934
• Pseudodura Strand, 1914
• Pseudogenusa Rebel, 1914
• Pseudolabis Hartig, 1963
• Pseudomesa Walker, 1855
• Pseudonotodonta Möschler , 1887
• Pseudostracilla Hering, 1926
• Psilochira Toxopeus, 1948
• Pteredoa Hampson, 1905
• Pyrrhopteryx Hering, 1941
• Radamaria Griveaud , 1976
• Rahona Griveaud , 1976
• Rajacoa Swinhoe, 1903
• Ramadra Nye, 1980
• Redoa Walker, 1855
• Repena Walker, 1855
• Rhodesana Bethune-Baker, 1908
• Rhypopterix Hering, 1927
• Rhypopteryx Aurivillius, 1879
• Rhypotosis Collenette, 1931
• Ricine Walker, 1855
• Rilia Walker, 1855
• Rivotra Griveaud , 1976
• Ruanda Strand, 1909
• Salvatgea Griveaud, 1977
• Sankurua Collenette, 1960
• Sapelia Swinhoe, 1903
• Sarsina Walker, 1855
• Scaphocera Saalmüller, 1884
• Sevastopuloa Collenette, 1960
• Sirana Griveaud , 1976
• Sitvia Walker, 1865
• Sminthopses Hampson, 1926
• Somatoxena Aurivillius, 1904
• Somena Walker, 1856
• Soreutoneura Collenette, 1930
• Sphragista Collenette, 1934
• Staetherinia Butler, 1878
• Stenaroa Hampson, 1910
• Stilpnaroma Hering, 1926
• Stracena Swinhoe, 1903
• Stracilla Aurivillius, 1910
• Suarezia Hering, 1926
• Sundaroa Holloway, 1999
• Sychnacedes Collenette, 1953
• Synogdoa Aurivillius, 1904
• Syntaks Hering, 1926
• Takashachia Matsumura, 1929
• Terphothrix Holland, 1893
• Terphotrix Bryk , 1934
• Thagona Möschler , 1883
• Thambeta Collenette, 1953
• Thamnocera Holland, 1893
• Thelde Walker, 1862
• Themaca Walker, 1865
• Theriophila Hering, 1932
• Topomesoides Strand, 1910
• Toxoproctis Holloway, 1999
• Trichia Nietner , 1861
• Trochuda Schaus, 1904
• Turenna Dyar, 1912
• Turlina Griveaud , 1976
• Turriga Walker, 1869
• Turuenna Walker, 1865
• Turumena Kirby, 1892
• Uliolepis Warren, 1897
• Urocoma Herrich-Schäffer, 1858
• Usimbara Collenette, 1955
• Utidava Walker, 1863
• Varatra Griveaud , 1976
• Varmina Moore, 1888
• Vietteria Griveaud , 1976
• Viridichira Dall'Asta, 1981
• Viridichirana Dall'Asta, 1981
• Vohitra Griveaud , 1976
• Volana Griveaud , 1976
• Woerdenia Snellen, 1872
• Xanthonygmia Toxopeus, 1948
• Zarfa Walker, 1869
• Zavana Griveaud , 1976

 

Noter og referencer

Bemærkninger

1. Samtidig gennemgik den gamle familie af Arctiidae en lignende omskiftning: den blev en underfamilie kaldet Arctiinae .

Referencer

1. David Carter ( oversat  Patrice Leraut), sommerfugle , Bordas,April 2001, 304  s. ( ISBN  2-04-760041-3 ) , s.  Lymantriidae side 267
2. Schaefer, Paul (1989): Mangfoldighed i form, funktion, adfærd og økologi, I: USDA Forest Service (red.): Proceedings, Lymantriidae: en sammenligning af træk fra New og Old World tussock moths : 1-19. Broomall, PA.
3. Lafontaine & Fibiger, 2006 .
4. Zahiri et al. , 2011 .
5. Zahiri et al. , 2012 .
6. Wang et al. , 2015 .

Se også

Relateret artikel

• Liste over Lymantriinae på det franske fastland

eksterne links

• (en) Reference FUNET Livets træ  : Lymantriinae
• (en) EOL- reference  : Lymantriinae
• (en) BioLib- reference  : Lymantriinae Hampson, 1893
• (fr + en) Reference ITIS  : Lymantriinae Hampson, 1893 (+ engelsk version )

Bibliografi

• (da) J. Donald Lafontaine og Michael Fibiger, ”  Revideret højere klassifikation af Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera)  ” , The Canadian Entomologist , Ottawa , Entomological Society of Canada , bind.  138, nr .  05,Oktober 2006, s.  610-635 ( ISSN  0008-347X og 1918-3240 , DOI  10.4039 / N06-012 )
• (da) J. Donald Lafontaine og B. Christian Schmidt, "  Kommentarer til forskelle i klassificering af superfamilien Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) mellem Eurasien og Nordamerika  " , ZooKeys , Sofia , Pensoft Publishers ( d ) , bind.  264, nr .  264,6. februar 2013, s.  209-17 ( ISSN  1313-2989 og 1313-2970 , DOI  10.3897 / ZOOKEYS.264.4441 )
• (en) Houshuai Wang, Niklas Wahlberg, Jeremy D. Holloway, Johannes Bergsten, Xiaoling Fan, Daniel H. Janzen, Winnie Hallwachs, Lijun Wen, Min Wang og Sӧren Nylin, ”  Molekylær fylogeni af Lymantriinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Erebidae) udledes fra otte genregioner  ” , Cladistics , London , Wiley-Blackwell , vol.  31, nr .  6,2. februar 2015, s.  579-592 ( ISSN  0748-3007 og 1096-0031 , DOI  10.1111 / CLA.12108 )
• ( fr ) Michael Fibiger et al. , Noctuidae Europaeae , vol.  13: Lymantriinae og Arctiinae, inklusive fylogeni og tjekliste over den firefarvede Noctuoidea i Europa , Sorø, Thomas J. Witt & László Ronkay,2011, 448  s. ( ISBN  978-87-89430-18-8 ).
• (da) Reza Zahiri, Ian J. Kitching, J. Donald Lafontaine, Marko Mutanen, Lauri Kaila, Jeremy D. Holloway og Niklas Wahlberg, "  En ny molekylær fylogeni giver håb om en stabil klassificering af familiens niveau af Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera)  " , Zoologica Scripta , Wiley-Blackwell ,marts 2011( ISSN  0300-3256 og 1463-6409 , DOI  10.1111 / J.1463-6409.2010.00459.X )
• (en) Reza Zahiri, Jeremy D. Holloway, Ian J. Kitching, J. Donald Lafontaine, Marko Mutanen og Niklas Wahlberg, "  Molekylær fylogenetik af Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea)  " , Systematisk entomologi , Wiley-Blackwell , bind.  37, nr .  1,januar 2012, s.  102-124 ( ISSN  0307-6970 og 1365-3113 , DOI  10.1111 / J.1365-3113.2011.00607.X )